Bubble cap trays are used primarily in applications with very low liquid loading and very high flexibility, where large turndown ratios are required. A bubble cap has riser or chimney fitted over each hole, and a cap that covers the riser. The cap is mounted so that there is a space between riser and cap to allow the passage of vapor. Vapor rises through the chimney and is directed downward by the cap, finally discharging through slots in the cap, and finally bubbling through the liquid on the tray.
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