Pall Rings are primarily used in packed towers for the following applications: Gas Absorption Removing impurities or specific components from gas streams (e.g., CO?, H?S, SO? removal in flue gas desulfurization). Example: Scrubbing acidic gases in chemical plants. Distillation Separating liquid mixtures based on their boiling points (e.g., in the petrochemical industry for refining crude oil). Stripping Removing volatile components from liquids (e.g., stripping ammonia from wastewater). Heat Transfer Serving as a medium in cooling towers or heat exchangers to improve heat transfer efficiency. Chemical Reactions Enhancing contact between reactants in catalytic or reactive distillation processes.